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Process of cultivation and modernization In Afghanistan During Amanullah Khan, and jokesterI.IntroductionThis paper will poll the process of modernization and culture in Afghanistan during the period of Amanullah Khan (1919-1929) and Tur notice during the era of Mustafa Kemal Ataturk (1918-1938). Each demesne had used multiple theories of modernization and variant approaches in order to train the call down and be passd. Modernization and development happened in twain countries in chorus while Afghanistan failed to become modernize under Amanullah khan but Turkey under Ataturk succeded to become modernize and develop. I will use the theories of Ibn-Khaldon, Weber, Smelser and Rostow, Charles Tilleys war making and state making, to take a comparative analysis of modernization in both states and the aspects which led to modernization of turkey and fall of Amanullah Khans governmnt.The idea of Modernization is relatively new which was defined by French philosopher Marquis de Condorcet in eighteenth century, the theory was based on the idea that the people could develop and pitch their society. Furthermore, Modernization can be defined as the process of transition from a traditional society to a modern society. Hence, Modernization is the key c at one timerning openness to new experiences regarding both people and behaviors, and is shift in fealty from those individuals in traditional authority structures (e.g. Khans, religious leaders) to those representing modern institutions (e.g. government leaders). On the other hand, development is the process of gradual growth in a state, those countries who carried out the four aspects of state building sleep withd to develop their states and become modernize while others failed. II.Modern... ... the new currency for country (Afghani). As defined by Charles Tilly state building need four stages war making, State making, security and Extraction, extraction is the main element where the state can manage to p ut in action all the other three elements of state building. Amanullah khans reforms failed in Afghanistan callable to different reasons the first cause of Amanullah Khans economical reforms was due to mountainous structure of state where the state failed to collect taxes from citizens of country and as well as capitalists failed to earn more profit since they were unable to deepen their products in different parts of country. Moreover, the reason behind his failure was that once those religious and tribal leaders who were paid by the family of king and ancestors of Amanullah Khan, during the era of Amanullah Khan they were forced to pay tax for state.